Improvement in wind-wheels



'I @uitrit tsitrs strnt @fitta E. W. MILLS, OF SYRAOUSE, N EW,` YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE EMPIRE WIND- MILLMANIIFAOTURING COMPANY, OF THE SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 69,828, dated October l5, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN WIND-WHEELS.-

.TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, E. W. MILLS, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement-in Windmills; and I do hereby declarel that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make andruse the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

This invention relates to a new and improved method of using, controlling, and regulating the power of the wind, and to its application to a pump or other purposes; vand it consists `in an arrangement of parts whereby the inclination of the wings of the windmill is varied, and the arrangement is such that the wings are Vselfadjusting, and revolvewith a uniform speed without regard to the force or velocity of the wind. as will be hereinafter more fully described.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the windmill, showing the general arrangement and combination of parts.

Figure 2 represents an edge view of the wings, showing the braces and the rods connected with them.

Figure 3 is' a vertical section through the line a: 9: of fig. I

. 'Similar letters of reference indicate like parts. A .A represents the stand or frame to which 'the parte of the windmill are attached. B represents the wings. C is the vane. The vane is suspended on the end of a stand, D, which is attached to the upper .end of the frame or standard A. E is a horizontal shaft, which is supported bysuitable bearings on the vane, and towhich the cross F is attached which supports the wings. Each arm of the crossfhas a projecting rod,rg, to which the wings are attached by suitable fastenings, so that theymay turn freely thereon. If the wings were rigidly attached to the rod g, and set at the proper inclination, we should have the ordinary simple windmill, which would run With'a speed corresponding with the velocity of the wind, which would'render it unfit for propelling machinery. To render the power of the` wind available for useful purposes when applied to a windmill, it is necessary to so control and govern the speed of the wings that they shall revolve with a uniform speed. To do this is, as before stated, the'principal object of this invention, and the manner irl which I accomplish it I will now proceed to describe.

As before stated, the wings are so `hung that they are allowed to turn from an angle of about forty five degrees to a position parallel with the vane or direction of the wind. In the rst position (or at about an angle of fortyvc degrees) the wings would revolve with their greatest velocity from a given pressure of wind. In the latter position they would not revolve atall, but cut the wind. Upon the shaft E there is a sliding collar, d, with two rods attached to it, which pass'through the cross, andare connected with two bell=cranks, b b. These bell-cranks'are pivoted to two studs, which project 'from the cross F. `These cranks areconnected to two of the wings' directly by rods c c. d d represent sliding weights on the rods c, which govern the position oil thc wings by being thrown toward the periphery of the wind-wheel by centrifugal force, thereby turning the wings from the wind. f represents rods which are connected to these weights at one end and to two cranks on the other two wings. h h are rods which connect the wings together. The wings are so connected and operated upon by theeranks and rods that when the sliding collar 't is moved towards the wings or from them, the wings assume the positions before mentioned, butwith a tendency at all times, under thc pressure and force of the wind,

to take the parallel position, or that represented -in iig. 2. On the inner end of the shaft E there is a. short crank, t', which is connected with a working-beam, J, by a pitman, K. v This workingibeam is pivoted to the stand D at m. The attachment of the pitman to the beam J is by a ball-joint, n, which is pivoted to a circular recess in the beam. This ball n has a hole running vertically' through its centre. As the beam oscillates the ball turns on its pivots, so that the hole always maintains a vertical position. Passing through this hole are two rods, o and p, which are connected to the sliding collar a on the shaft E by chains passing over and under pulleys, as seen in g. 1. The chains are connected with the sliding Vcollar in such a manner that one of them draws `the slide one way and the other one the other wayi The rod a holds the ywings to the wind, or acts in opposition to the centrifugal force of the sliding weights nid.'I This rod is connected to a weighted lever, L. The Fulcrum-ofthe lever's at a on the frame A, so that the power of the lever is exertedto keep the wings atan angle tol-take thewind with a force that will giverthem the proper or required speed. An increase of speed will alter the angle, but this increase of speed will always be exerted against the power of the weighted lever L and the centrifugal force of the sliding weights d d. The weight r on the lever is adjustable, so that the resistance which it offers may be increased or diminished. By the rod p the wings may be drawn back and fastened in the position shown in fig. 2, or so that the wind will not operate upon them. S is a working-beam, which is connected with J by rods t t by jointed connections at their upper ends and by pivots to the beam S. The beam S oscillates on a pin, u, which is attached to the frame. T is a pump, the rod of wl1ich,t,is attached to the working-beam S. Other applications of the power obtained may he made from the shaft E. The vane C oscillates or turns with the wind upon its bearing, and is controlled by its tail C', which always compels the wings to face the wind.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The sliding weights d d upo the rods c, arranged to operate upon the wind-wheels B through the medium ofthe bell-cranks b b and sliding collar a, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. The weighted lever L, in combination with the rod o, the connecting-chains, collar a, bell-cranks I), rod c, sliding weights d, and wndwheels B, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

3. I claim the bell-cranks b 6, the rods g, h, and f, the ball-connection n, and the rods o and p, arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

E. W. MILLS.

Witnesses:

Homes H. WALPOLE, N. B. SMITH. 

